Why Should Parents Decide If Retention Is Right For Your...

Should parents decide to retain their kindergarten students and if so will retaining kindergartners cause a negative impact on their social and emotional development? Kindergarten used to be a time for learning through play. The curriculum consisted of learning to use scissors, crayons and very basic skills. Teachers never held kids back unless they were still too young to begin first grade. Today kindergarten isn’t quite as relaxed as it used to be. For example, kids are already beginning to learn math and reading skills. This new curriculum helps kids meet new learning standards imposed by the government. Some children might need more time to absorb all the information they will need to know by first grade. For this reason the number of children being held back is increasing. Therefore, the question is should parents decide to retain their kindergarteners? If so will retaining kindergartners cause a negative impact on their social and emotional development? How do you decide if retention is right for your child? To answer these questions scientists would need to examine a number of things pertaining to retaining a struggling child and if it would help them succeed academically. Scientists would have to consider the reasons for retention and if the pros outweighs the cons. For most students struggling to keep up parents is wondering whether or not to retain their kindergarteners. Scientist would need to determine why is it that children are struggling to keep up?Show MoreRelatedEssay on Deficit of Women in Technological Industries 2397 Words   |  10 PagesIn the United States, equal opportunity is considered a core value and policymakers tout the triumphs of a number of equality-for-women movements. So why, then, does such a deficit of women in technological industries still exist? According to researcher Amanda L. Griffith, only 21% of women entering college plan to major in a science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM) field and few of those women actually attain a degree in a STEM field (915). Although young women are not explicitlyRead MoreImproving Health, Gender Equality, Peace, And Stability3188 Words   |  13 Pageslags behind due to gender inequality in education provision. Evidently, the trend is more pronounced in rural are as. For instance, it is a common practice in Zambia that the boy will receive education while the girl will be sidelined if the parents have to decide on whom to send to school when dictated upon by various constraints. This is the case in most rural based families with little income. Although the trend does exist in urban areas, it is more prevalent in rural areas. Consequently, there isRead More3mer Assignment3056 Words   |  13 Pagesmotivating factor to perform better. External Factor-Social Impact A second external factor is the social impact, for example, the retirement age has increased in recent years which has resulted in an older retained workforce, meaning that the retention of specialised skills and knowledge of the company will be a positive impact on the employment relationship. This may also result in organisations not employing new younger staff due to the lack of skills and abilities that will be required fromRead MoreStrategies for Promoting Positive Behaviour According with the Policies and Procedures of the Setting17778 Words   |  72 Pagesand orderly learning environment will exist. Legislation The main piece of legislation is the Education and Inspections Act 2006 (Part 7). This replaces earlier guidance including DFES Circular 10/98, â€Å"The Use of Force to Control or Restrain Child/young persons†, and came into force on 1 April 2007. The Act clarifies and as appropriate strengthens schools’ powers to discipline, reducing the risk of misunderstandings and challenges to their disciplinary authority, including new provisionsRead MoreThe Moral Issue of Abortion Essay2919 Words   |  12 Pages The Moral Issue of Abortion My essay is about the argument over abortion, whether it is right or wrong for it to be carried out. Abortion is a very sensitive subject and there are many views for and against abortion, I choose to do the moral issue of abortion because I have no views for or against abortion. I wanted to know more and look into detail what abortion was and for what reasons do women have for choosing to abort their babies. In my view abortion is the terminationRead MoreThesis About Drop-Out Students3550 Words   |  15 Pagesonly their personal welfare, but also their society as a whole. Some students fail to complete school and may become unemployed instead of becoming productive member of the society. One of the major problem the Philippine education is facing right now, especially in the public schools is the high percentage in the drop – out rate. Each year, the Department of Education introduces different methods to answer the continuous decrease in the internal efficiency especially the drop – out rateRead More3mer Guidance Leaflet4527 Words   |  19 Pagestypes of employment status and 3 reasons why it is important to clarify/determine an individual’s employment status Employee rights during the employee relationship including: * The importance of work life balance and related legislation concerning holidays, rest periods, working hours and night working * Family/parent related legal support, including maternity leave, paternity leave, adoption leave and dependents leave * 2 reasons why employees should be treated fairly in relation to pay Read MoreSupporting Good Practice in Managing Employee Relations3061 Words   |  13 Pagesthe employment relationship Internal and external factors that impact on the employment relationship Internal: †¢ Performance, pay and reward: employers should set clear and transparent targets in order to make it easier for employees to know what is expected of them. If these targets are followed employees can be rewarded and this should improve the relationship between employer and employee. †¢ Management style: there are two types of manager: autocratic and democratic. Autocratic managers makeRead MoreEssay on Cipd 3mer3076 Words   |  13 Pagesterm | 5 | Self Employed and Contractors | 5 | Employee Rights During the Employment Relationship | 6 | Work-Life Balance | 6 | Holidays | 6 | Rest Periods | 6 | Working hours | 6 | Night Working | 7 | Maternity Leave | 7 | Paternity leave | 7 | Adoption Leave | 8 | Special Leave | 8 | Reasons Why Employees Should be Treated Fairly In Relation To Pay | 9 | Employee Satisfaction | 9 | Recruitment amp; Retention | 9 | National Minimum Wage | 9 | Main Points of EqualitiesRead MoreTotal Physical Response in Second Language Learning4112 Words   |  17 Pages......... 3 2. Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 3 3. Background of the TPR Approach †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 4. Approach †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 5 4.1. Theory of Language †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 4.2. Theory of Learning †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 5. Why TPR Works? Brain Lateralization †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 6. Goals of TPR Approach †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 7. Strengths of TPR Approach †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 8. TPR Approach Vs. Comprehensive Approach †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 9. Principles †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.

Comparing Two Studies On Estimated Hiv Incidence And...

Comparing Two Studies on estimated HIV Incidence and Prevalence Introduction In the era of HIV global pandemic, estimating incidence and prevalence correctly is critical, as it becomes a strong tool for authorities to decide next action, to mitigate infection rate and its multiple consequences to society. 2 studies investigated HIV estimated incidence from different approaches. Prejean et al studied the incidence estimates in the United States, by using a four-year data obtained from HIV incidence surveillance from 16 states and 2 cities, and expanded the estimated incidence to other areas in the United States1; they used a ratio of group-specific incidence at a measured area to new AIDS diagnosis, to AIDS diagnosis in other areas1. On the other hand, Walker et al estimated prevalence by applying two strategies; using HIV prevalence of pregnant women for countries suffering general epidemics, and using HIV prevalence in high-risk groups for countries with localized epidemic to estimate HIV prevalence .2 After obtaining prevalence, they estimated prevalence u sing ratio of number screened against the specific group in that country against the adult population, and estimated incidence according to estimates on how long a person with HIV can survive and vertical transmission in the area with estimated national prevalence2. While both studies are carefully planned, some aspects pose assumptions and asks the reader the potential direction of bias. A. Is there a bias due toShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of Screening For Breast Cancer1371 Words   |  6 Pages(CBE); breast self-examination (BSE); digital mammography; and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two studies were commissioned: a targeted systematic evidence review of six selected questions relating to the benefits and harms of screening; and a decision analysis that used population modeling techniques to compare expected health outcomes, starting and ending screening at different ages, and also comparing annual versus biennial screening (â€Å"Screening for Breast Cancer† 2009). The findings led the USPSTFRead MoreDisaster Management Needs Special Training Program2248 Words   |  9 Pagespopulation exposure data, EBD, exposure response. The health impacts of environmental risk factors can also assist in prioritizing actions for preventing or reducing health impacts in the population, and allow the future disease and health burdens to be estimated. 3. What do you mean by the terms: single blind and double blind in a randomized controlled trial? In a single blind trail only the participant does not know whether they are part of the treatment or the control group (and the experimenter does haveRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Infectious Disease1710 Words   |  7 Pagesdisease. Two of the culprits responsible for these high infectious disease rates in Southern and Western Africa, are HIV and Ebola, respectively (Wainberg et al., 2014). Similarities Differences Between Two Viral Killers: HIV Ebola HIV and Ebola share similarities with respect to suspected origin and routes of transmission but the outcomes for these two infections are vastly different (Tambo et al., 2016). Both viruses are zoonotic in nature, with primates as the known original hosts for HIV andRead MoreHealth Care Inequity Affecting The Incarcerated Canadian Population2200 Words   |  9 Pagesin health between the incarnated and the general Canadian populations exists. It is evident from comparing statistics across a broad range of health conditions that the health care needs of incarcerated persons are not being met.(2) In addition to the disparities between prevalence rates of non communicable diseases which can be managed through primary care; there is also an alarmingly high rate of HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis C(HCV) and mental health issues. These ailments require specialized treatments andRead MorePrevention Of The Spread Of Hiv / Aids Essay3367 Words   |  14 PagesThe objective of this paper is aimed at i nvestigating interventions for the control of the spread of HIV/AIDS in the United States, comparing both the rural and urban areas. According to the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services â€Å"an intervention is a combination of program elements or strategies designed to produce behavior changes or improve health status among individuals or an entire population† Interventions may include educational programs, new or stronger policies, improvementsRead MoreEpidemiology of Hiv14908 Words   |  60 PagesChapter 1 1.1 Background The HIV and AIDS pandemic remains one the most serious development crises in the world (WHO, 2006). Women and children bear a disproportionate share of the burden, and in many settings continue to experience high rates of new HIV infections and of HIV-related illness and death. In 2005 alone, an estimated 540 000 children were newly infected with HIV, with about 90% of these infections occurring in sub-Saharan Africa (UNAIDS, 2006) .UNAIDS estimates that approximatelyRead MoreHiv/Aids South Africa5278 Words   |  22 PagesThe HIV/AIDS Epidemic In South Africa Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is one of many infectious diseases that plague the world today. According to the 2007 AIDS epidemic update put out by The United Nations Joint Program on HIV/AIDS (UNIADS) there were approximately 2.1 million AIDS related deaths and 33.2 million people infected with HIV world wide (UNAIDS/WHO Working Group, 2007). Despite its abundant resources and its well-developedRead MoreHiv/Aids Summary of Research Study8804 Words   |  36 PagesPROBLEM Introduction Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) results in destruction of the body’s host defenses and immune system leading to the condition called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV-AIDS is one of the world’s greatest public health crises. For many years, because of lack of understanding and effective treatment, it is now considered a rapidly progressing fatal disease. HIV infection in humans is considered pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO)Read MoreMicrobiology Research Paper6879 Words   |  28 PagesMicrobiology 214BA Dr. May June 6, 2012 Staphylococcus aureus- Is a facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive, salt positive, cocci shaped bacterium. Staphylococcus aureus is found as normal part of the skin floral in the nasal passages and on the skin. An estimated twenty percent of people naturally have harmless Staphylococcus aureus on their skin and are long-term carries for Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common strand of Staphylococcus in humans to date, spread through skin toRead MoreStrenghts and Weaknesses of the South African Economy5649 Words   |  23 Pagesregion, the countrys strong economic performance has benefited the rest of Africa. At the same time, the IMFs directors noted that serious economic challenges remain: persistent high unemployment, poverty, large wealth disparities and a high incidence of HIV/Aids. But they came out in support of the SA authorities approach to these problems, with policies aimed at raising economic growth in a stable economic environment and initiatives to reduce unemployment and improve social conditions. The IMF

Evolution of Women’s Rights Since 19th Century Free Essays

Equality Rights 1 The Evolution of the Extension of Equality Rights from Classical to Modern Liberalism Malak Alkadri Social Studies 30 Mrs. Kadaoui November 30, 2012 Equality Rights 2 Towards the latter part of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century, classical liberalism underwent great modifications in terms of equality rights. Its modified form even came to be known as modern or positive liberalism. We will write a custom essay sample on Evolution of Women’s Rights Since 19th Century or any similar topic only for you Order Now It differed from classical liberalism in so far as it emphasized the significance and rationality of equal opportunities and justice. Modern liberalism has promoted the positive rather than the negative aspects of the liberation movement. The extension of women’s equality rights of the final step in the revolution of classical liberalism to modern liberalism has extended this particular group’s rights economically, socially and politically to an uttermost extent. Initially, women’s lives have improved economically. Modern liberalism has come to interpret freedom as involving a right to basic requirements of the development and security necessary to assure the equal opportunity and personal dignity of women. Nevertheless, in the nineteenth century’s Victorian era, the emergence of women’s rights was limited. Feminism had influenced the ideology of separate spheres in which men inhabit the public sphere – the world of politics, commerce and law – and women inhabit the private realm of domestic life – child caring, housekeeping and so on (Christison, etal. 2009, p. 158). Women of all classes worked hard, yet, were still a supply of cheap labour. Whereas today, more women are employed, more girls are being educated, women are living longer and having fewer children, and the number of females in business and in politics has increased dramatically. According to the Center for Women’s Business Research, female entrepreneurs generate $2. 3 trillion to the Equality Rights 3 American economy and employ more than 18 million people (qtd. In newint. org). One area in which women have made major progress in is education. Modernly, more women are enrolled in law school, medical school, and schools of business and finance. Young women today do not feel  social pressure to pursue only those professions which were once traditionally reserved for them, most commonly teaching and nursing. As a result, millions of women today succeed in professions that were completely closed to them in the past, such as working in open, public areas rather than at home or in healthcare areas. Also, women’s economic rights and acceptance have evolved dramatically since the final evolution of equality rights in the classical liberalism. Women have now acquired the freedom to work as they please, with rather no restrictions and a lot less government involvement. Women’s economic authority has severely improved in the modern setting as opposed to thirty years ago, when women were first entering the workplace. It was a rare occurrence, and rather â€Å"odd† at that time to see women at work, and now it is something common, accepted, and even encouraged. Surely, on a social level, women’s rights have defiantly evolved in the way people collaborate and treat women. There has been a collective change of consciousness in how men are expected by law to communicate with women in the workplace. While some personal Equality Rights 4 attitudes might not have changed; men and women both understand that the workplace is to be a setting to be free of hurtful and insensitive comments. Additionally, women have successfully fought for family leave rights. Afterwards, the occurrence of the â€Å"Family and Medical Leave Act† had emerged in the US by federal law in 1993 (qtd. in en. wikipedi. org). The fight is more prevalent now than it was back then. However, focusing on the cases of the United States and England, we show that the historical expansion of women’s rights also unfolded through equal treatment in the labour market. In contrast, in most African countries women gained formal political rights, at the end of colonialism before receiving economic rights. Moreover, there are many specific traditions such as foot binding and child marriage, which impact the rights of women that are specific to certain cultures. Contemporary phenomena, such as HIV/AIDS also represent challenges to gender equality that were not present in earlier time periods (Kristof and WuDunn 2009). Likewise, women’s political rights have also been extended now than ever before. You may agree that the near end of the classical period is similar to modern liberalism because people with disabilities, prison inmates, women eighteen year of age and older, and nations Equality Rights 5 such as the Inuit without surrendering their culture were allowed to vote hence, there has not been much change in the political rights of women. I beg and plead to differ. Thirty years ago, all types of women eighteen and older may have been granted the right to vote but that’s as far as it went. Now, women are CEOs and presidential candidates. Hillary Clinton for example, serves as an American Secretary of the United States. Women are now not only given the right to vote, but the right to be voted for. Currently, US citizens can vote in the US elections. Yet, back when the country was founded; in most states, only men with real property or substantial wealth were permitted to vote. Almost all women and their votes were denied at the time. Now, since the US constitution, every individual has gained the right to vote. Although, in the 1920’s, the Women’s Bureau of the Department of Labour is formed to collect information about women in the workforce and safeguard good working conditions for women (Ann-Marie Imbornoni. 2009). You may say that the workforce now-a-days also provides a great source of security and freedom for women similar to the 19th century. Not necessarily. The freedom of women in the workforce has also been extended. President Baraak Obama, for instance, signed the Lily Ledbetter Fairpay Restoration Act, which allows victims of pay discrimination to send a complaint to the government against their employer within 180 days of their last pay check. Previously, victims (most often women) are now allowed to claim an unjust pay check whereas Equality Rights 6 back in the 19th century, their freedoms were under more authority than they are in the modern society (Ann-Marie Imbornoni. 009) Finally, the evolution of the equality rights of women has extremely extended since classical liberalism in the 19th century. The rights of women have extended in several different aspects especially in terms of economical, social and political rights. Men and women are now equal in regards to occupations, elections, education, job pay checks, security, and collaboration. Despite the amount of freedom women have gained, it is no longer a sho ck to see a women play what was then called a â€Å"man’s role† in society. Women have the right to not only vote but run for candidates as well. Young women today are not enforced to occupy the domestic part of life, or jobs that were traditionally reserved for them. Millions of women today succeeded in professions that were completely prohibited to them in the past, such as working in open, public areas. Women’s economic rights and acceptance have evolved dramatically since the final evolution of equality rights in the classical liberalism. â€Å"I do not think, sir, you have any right to command me, merely because you are older than I, or because you have seen more of the world than I have; your claim to superiority depends on the use you have made of your time and experience. (Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre Equality Rights 7 References Imbornoni, Ann-Marie. â€Å"Women’s Rights Movement in the U. S. : Timeline of Events (1921-1979). 30 Nov. 2012. ;http://www. infoplease. com/spot/womenstimeline2. html; â€Å"What women have gained and what they are in danger of losing — New Internationalist. †Ã‚  New Internationalist. Nikki van der Gaag, n. d. Web. 1 Nov. 2004. ;http://www. newint. org/features/2004/11/01/women-want/; Lambert, Tim. â€Å"Women’s Jobs in History. â€Å"A World History Encyclopedia. Tim Lambert, 14 Jan. 2012. Web. 14 Jan. 2021. ;http://www. localhistories. org/womensjobs. html; How to cite Evolution of Women’s Rights Since 19th Century, Papers

Benefits of Social Networks Use in Business-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the the benefits and drawbacks of Social Networks use in Business. Answer: Introduction Social networks are a system of social connections and individual relations. It is the process of increasing business connections by building new networks through social media websites. Various organisations use social networks for business transactions, to increase the speed and security of the communications. There are numerous gigantic brands such as Pepsi, Adidas, and Dominos, who have used social networks to their advantages and get success. The small and medium enterprises are still sceptical regarding the use of social media. Social media has several disadvantages along with the benefits. The risks of social networking include cyber bullying, online harassment, and cyber crimes. The report will discuss regarding benefits and drawbacks of using social networking in a corporation. Project Objective The objective of this report is to ascertain the benefits and drawbacks of social networks use in businesses. In modern times, various giant companies use social networks to increase the efficiency and security of their communications. The social networks are the significantly great place to market their products. The social network provides a significantly larger audience to appeal their products. The usage of social networks has various disadvantages as well. Project Scope The report will discuss regarding the advantages and disadvantages of adopting a social network system in the organisation. Further, the report will analyse the perspective of various companies in order to ascertain the benefits and drawbacks of using the social network in the organisation. The project will discuss the theories of various market experts to ascertain the rewards and shortcomings of using social networks. Literature review Social networks are an internet based platform to help people communicate with their friends, family, colleagues, and customers. Various organisation uses social networks in order to communicate with their employees. There are several other uses of social media, such as getting customers feedback, product marketing, market research and worldwide reach. Role of Social Networking The use of Social networks in organisations has been increased rapidly in past decade. The companies could use social networks in collecting data from customers, brand marketing, creating new contacts and communicating in the workplace. Social media help companies connecting with their customers. The organisation could get direct feedback from their customers regarding their products or services. The use of social networks is cheaper than using another medium of communication. The companies can approach a wide range of audience with the use of social media (Cheung Lee 2010). According to Holly Paquette, a professor at the University of Rhode Island, many corporations use social networks in marketing their businesses. The cost of advertising on social media is significantly cheaper than comparing to other mediums of advertisings, such as television, radios or billboards. By advertising to a larger audience, an organisation could significantly increase their sales. Social networks increase the companys engagement with their customers. The customers can give their queries or provide their feedback, directly to the corporation. Social networks help corporation in enhancing their business outside their domestic country. The company can market their products or services easily in the foreign markets, with the help of social networks. The organisation could increase their foreign contacts with the use of social media. The corporations could conduct market research with the social networks to recognise their brand's reputation in the market or the requirements of their customers. Following are some ways in which an organisation can use the social network in business (Aral, Dellarocas Godes 2013): Increase the efficiency of targeting customers Expansion of customers Instantaneous feedback from consumers Cost efficient Help in creating better customer relationship Building brand awareness and increase the exposure of company Benefits of Social Networks In modern time, a company can benefit heavily from adopting a social network strategy for their organisation. For sustaining grow of an enterprise in the future, implementing social network policy in business is essential. The advantages of adopting a social network policy include cost reduction, expansion of companys audience, better marketing exposure, faster growth, quality communication and instant feedback (Woodcock, Green Starkey 2011). Marketing According to the research conducted by Brennan (2014), Social media is an essential part of every company marketing policy. More than 90 percent of market experts have claimed that social media expands the exposure of an organisation. The use of social network strategy significantly reduced the time and resources spent by companies on marketing. Following are the benefits of marketing a company on social networks: Expansion of Brand Awareness: Using a social network marketing policy can increase the business visibility in the market. The social networks assist companies in engaging with a wide-ranging audience. It is easy for an organisation to market their products in various countries. Increase in Inbound Traffic: If a company did not imply a social media strategy, the inbound traffic is restricted to its usual consumers. The organisation can in increase its audience by marketing their products online. Improved Customer Satisfaction: Social networks provide the customers a place for communication and interacting with the company. Customers can directly post their feedback or quarry on organisations website and the enterprises can get a better knowledge of their customers requirements. Cost-Effective: The companies can significantly reduce their cost of marketing by adopting social network strategy. Most of the social networks are free and many have comparatively lowered costs related to other marketing strategies. The research of Manthiou (2012) proved that various companies have used the social networks to their marketing advantages. The organisation, such as Pampers, Netflix, Old spice, Staples and many others, uses their social media posts to market their products online. These companies get involved in popular culture news and use them to market their product online. Wendys, a popular American fast food chain, uses the social media to post funny things which create a popular image of the brand in the customer's mind. Communication An organisation can increase the efficiency and security of communication, between employees, clients, and suppliers, by adopting a social network method for communication. The companies can implement both internal and external communication platforms. There are several advantages of using the social network for communication such as (Sarker, Ahuja, Sarker Kirkeby 2011): The employees can discuss ideas, post quarries and share news regarding their tasks. The social networks allow employees to easily collaborate on business projects. Social networks assist in faster decision-making between employees because it is easier for them to give feedback or ask a quarry. The companies can introduce self-help groups in employees to reduce their work stress and motivate them to share their problems. It helps the company in building a strong culture at the workplace. Social networks help in widen an organisations business contacts. The companies can increase their communication and networking with their suppliers or business partners. Implementing social network policy increases the reputation of an organisation. The enterprise can increase its connections and find new business opportunities for the organisation. Better communication with customers increases the brand loyalty of the company. Social networks assist in market research, implementing campaigns and straight communication with interested persons. The organisation can evaluate their place in the market and create future strategies by analysing their customers. There are several new applications that companies used to increase their workplace communication. The application such as Slack, Socialcast, and Yammer help increase the efficiency and security of internal communication. The communication softwares provides facilities such as team collaboration, easy file sharing and group chat to increase the productivity of employees (Lanubile, Ebert, Prikladnicki Vizcaino 2010). Increase in Sales The organisation can significantly enhance their market share by approaching to a newer audience. New customers can find a companys products by searching for similar things. The use of social networks gives a company truly global approach in the market. The customers in different countries can easily find and buy products of companies, this approach helps in enhancing sales of the organisation. With the increase in ecommerce websites, companies can easily import or export products from various countries. Traditionally, the organisation has local customers and to increase their sales they have to open new outlets, but with the help of social networks, one shop can sell its products worldwide (Stephen Galak 2012). The online shopping market is booming with giant players such as Amazon, Wal-Mart, and Alibaba. A research conducted by Robischon (2017) provided that Amazon is one of the largest electronic commerce or online shopping company in the world. The company had revenue of US$135.98 billion in 2016 and on a peak day the company sold more than 26 million items. The social networks provide customers the facility to order from their home and choose from a vast variety of items. Research Online platforms enhance communication between the company and its customers, helping them in creating better products according to customers requirements. The research of Bryman (2015) showed that the organisation can engage with their audience and improve their relationship by using social networks. The market research helps companies to know their worth in the market and the desires of consumers. The employees of an organisation can post their ideas and quarries online which assist the company in creating the better working environment. Drawbacks of Using Social Networks For the past decade, the social networks have grown rapidly in the daily activities of organisation and individuals. The companies use social networks for various purposes such as marketing, research, online sales, and communication. The social networks have numerous benefits but there are several drawbacks as well. The disadvantages of social networks include cyber crimes, hacking, security issues, false advertising and daily monitoring (Belbey 2015). The companies should analyse these drawbacks while adopting a social network strategy. Hacking Hacking is the process of obtaining unauthorised access to information in a computer or system. Many people hack the systems of large organisation in order to collect sensitive data for their advantages. The paper of Collins (2008) discusses that using social networks increases the chances of hacking in an organisation. The companies have to pay high amounts to get firewalls or security to avoid hacking, which are not benefitial for organisation. In past few years, many popular companies have become the victim of hacking such as Yahoo, Ashley Madison, Sony, HBO, Home Depot, JP Morgan, eBay and many other companies. Ashley Madison suffered huge losses due to the hacking of their user's profiles. The significant loss is suffered by HBO after leaking of their hit popular series episodes Game of Thrones on the internet. The hackers leak the sensitive data of the company and their users on the internet, such as passwords, bank information, and personal data (Groden 2015). Inside Risks The companies have to check their social media accounts many times in a day because dissatisfied consumers or workers can post deleterious comments that are not always removable. There is a risk of human error as well. The organisations have to invest addition costs for securing their data. According to Rosenblatt (2015), the inside risk on social networks is high because unlike hacking it is done by inside persons. The attack on Morgan Stanley was a good example of inside attack on the company. According to cyber security expert Lucas Zaichkowsky, there is a high probability of insider attacks happening and there is nothing that companies could do to stop such attacks. Clear Strategy The companies are required to create clear and strong social networks strategies. Not having a clear policy for marketing or social networks could decrease the benefits of an enterprise. The strategy should cover all the aspect of the business and must approach to a larger audience. The cost of hiring an outside expert for creating strategies could be significantly high. The social network strategy impacts the reputation of a company online and one mistake could reduce the status of the company. The giant players such as Coca-Cola have made a mistake in their social network strategy. The company tweets a photo of snow covered Russian map, omitting Kaliningrad. The Russian gets angry and poured the Coca-Cola soft drink in the toilets with Ban Coca-Cola hash tag. Seoul Secret, a beauty products enterprise, runs a campaign saying White makes you win, causing social media backlash on the company (Friedman 2016). Cost In order to secure their social media accounts, companies have to invest heavily on firewalls and security software. The cost of this software is high and the company has to keep them updated along with new updates. An average company spends around $15 million for security against cyber crime. According to Gartner, the worldwide spending on cube security reach around $90 billion in 2017 and it will estimate to be around $113 billion on 2020 (Muresan 2017). Time Waste The employees of the company could use their social networks to engage in their personal life instead of working in the office. The social networks are addicting, and they could reduce the productivity of employees. According to a survey by Mangus (2014), more than 89 percent employees admitted wasting their time by using social media at the workplace. Harassment The increase in the use of social media enhances the cyber bullying and harassment between the employees. Many workers have reported by claiming that they have been harassed or bullied on the social networks of their company by their colleagues. The harassment raises the concern such as depression, suicide, a decrease in companys reputation and unhealthy environment at the workplace (Van Laer 2014). Conclusion The above report concluded that in the modern time's companies have to use Social Networks in order to a competitor in the market. The social networks provide several benefits to the organisations, such as marketing, research, feedback, and increase in sales. But along with the advantages, there are numerous drawbacks as well. The companies put themselves at security risk by using social networks. The disadvantages of social networks include hacking, data leaks, cyber crimes, harassment, and bullying. The strategy of a company should be clear regarding the use of social networks and collective measures should be taken to save their data and clients from cyber-attacks. References Aral, S., Dellarocas, C., Godes, D. (2013). Introduction to the special issuesocial media and business transformation: a framework for research.Information Systems Research,24(1), 3-13. Australian business and social media. (2016).Platform Communications. 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